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Sunday, 21 May 2017

Geodesics in a right cylinder

Consider the right cylinder X(u,v)=α(u)+va, where α is a regular curve contained in a orthogonal plane to the vector a. A curve α(t)=X(u(t),v(t)) is a geodesic if the tangent part of α(t) vanishes for every t. We have
α(t)=uXu+vXv+u2Xuu+2uvXuv+v2Xvv,
where
Xu=α(u), Xv=a
Xuu=α(u), Xuv=Xvv=0.
Thus the tangent part of α is 
α(t)T=uα(u)+va+u2α(t)T.
Since α(t)=κ(t)n(t) is a vector orthogonal to the surface, α(t)T=0. Thus α is a geodesic if and only if u=0, v=0u(t)=at+b,v(t)=ct+d,
for some constant a,b,c,d. Then the preimage of α in the domain of the parametrization is a straight-line so when we carry into the surface by X we obtain a helix. For example, when u=ct, the geodesic is a vertical line in the cylinder and when v=ct, the geodesic is a vertical translation of the base curve α. In the picture, and a for a circular cylinder x2+y2=1,  we have the lines in the domain of X, the geodesics and the cylinder with the geodesics.





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