Consider the right cylinder X(u,v)=α(u)+v→a, where α is a regular curve contained in a orthogonal plane to the vector →a. A curve α(t)=X(u(t),v(t)) is a geodesic if the tangent part of α″(t) vanishes for every t. We have
α″(t)=u″Xu+v″Xv+u′2Xuu+2u′v′Xuv+v′2Xvv,
where
Xu=α′(u), Xv=→a
Xuu=α″(u), Xuv=Xvv=0.
Thus the tangent part of α″ is
α″(t)T=u″α′(u)+v″→a+u′2α″(t)T.
Since α″(t)=κ(t)n(t) is a vector orthogonal to the surface, α″(t)T=0. Thus α is a geodesic if and only if u″=0, v″=0⇔u(t)=at+b,v(t)=ct+d,
for some constant a,b,c,d. Then the preimage of α in the domain of the parametrization is a straight-line so when we carry into the surface by X we obtain a helix. For example, when u=ct, the geodesic is a vertical line in the cylinder and when v=ct, the geodesic is a vertical translation of the base curve α. In the picture, and a for a circular cylinder x2+y2=1, we have the lines in the domain of X, the geodesics and the cylinder with the geodesics.
muy bien rafael
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